Sulky-plow



(Modelj- 4 Sheets-Sheet 1,' W. L. OASADAY.

SULKY PLOW.

No. 246598. Pa tented Sept. (331881.

INVENTOR' TTORNEY /III/////// WITNESSES N. PETERS. pholwlmgnpher. Washington. D. C.

(M0del.) 4 Sheets--Sheet 2.

W. L. CASADAY,

SULKYPLOW.

No. 246598. Patented Sept. 6, 1881..

W' ITNES ES INVENTOR WWW ATTORNEY 4 sheets sheet 3.

(ModeL) V W. L. CASADAY.

SULKY PLOW.

No. 246,598. Patented Sept. 6,1881.

I INVENTOR WITNESSES ATTORNEY 4 Sheets-Sleet 4.

(ModeL) W. L. OASADAY. SULKY'PLOW.

Patented se t. 6,1881.

INVENTOR WITNESSE & mW

ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT XVILLIAM L. CASADAY, OF NEW GARLISLE, INDIANA.

SULKY-.PLOW.

SPECIFICATION formng part of Letters Patent No. 246,598, dated September 6, 1881.

Application filed May 18, 1881. (ModeL) To all 'whom tt may concrn Be it known that I, WILLIAM L. CASADAY, of New Carlisle, in the county of St. Joseph and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and nset ul Improvements in Sulky-Plows; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specificaton.

My invention relates to an improvement in sulky-plows, the object being to provide an article of the character indicated which will combine lightness, strength, and ease of oper ation with an adaptability to a wide range of adjustment, as circn mstances may necessitate.

With these ends in view, my inventon consists in certain details of Construction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanyi'g drawings, Figure l is a View, in perspective, of ny improvement from the fnrrow side of the plow. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a detail View ot' the raising and compensatin g device of the landside wheel. Fig. 4 is a view, in horizontal cross-section, of the furrow-side-wheel axle and spindle. Fig. 5 is a dctail view, showing the ratchet engagement between the outer wheel band and `nut. Fig. 6 is a side view, partly in elevation and partly in section, of devices to change the relative adjustment of ihebeam and tongue. Fig. 7 is a section view taken near the inner endet' the tongue and beam; and Fig. 8 shows front and rear views of the plate G' and arear view of the aXle and spindle of the land-side wheel. Fig. 9is a detached plan view of the guide-plate which is attached to the plow-beam. Fig. 10 is a detached view ot' the Operating lerer and sleeve.

A represents a plate, which is secured to the side of the ploW-beam O by suitable bolts, A'. Plate A is provided with two vertical jaws or guides, B B between which is interposed the vertically-adjustable guide-bar D, which latter is provided on one edge with a rib, F, that fits in a groove, F', formed on the inner edge of the guide B. Upon a stud, Bprojectingontwardly from the jaw or guide B, is journaled y a roller, G, upon the opposite side of which the curved arms of the crow-bill H bear as the guide-bar D is raised and lowered. The inner edge of the guide B' is constrncted with a plain, flat face, against which bears the plain, fiat face on the adjacent edge of the guide-bar D. This Construction of parts is employed in order that the plow-beam may have a limited swinging adjustment, as will hereinafrer be described; and to provide for such movement the rear edge of the guide-bar, in connection with its jaw or guide, constitutes a pivotal or hinged hearing to allow of the swinging adjustment of the plow-beam in a horizontal plane. The forward portion of the plate A is provided with a serrated face, I, which engages the serrated inner face of the bracket J, supporting` the inner end ot' the tongue M. Bracket J' is constructed with an elongated slot, K, through which passes the, bolt L. By this construction and arrangement of parts the tongue may be raised and lowered by loosening the nut on the bolt L, and when said tongue is in proper adjustment'the nnt is tightened, thereby securing the serrated face of the bracket J in snug contact with the correspondingly-serrated face on the pia-te A.

A lifting-lever, N, and the crew-bill H, before mentioned, are made integral or rigidly secured to a sleeve or hnb, O, which is journaled on a rod or hearing, O', supported at one end by the guide-bar D and at its opposite end in a post, P. The said lever N is provided at its upper eXtremity With a hand-lever, Q, connected by a wire, lt, or other suitable connection, to a dog, S,journaled in two lugs, T, projecting from the outer face of the lifting-lever, and encircled by a spring, U, interposed between the said lugs,'and exerting a constant effort to keep the dog S in en'gagement with one of the teeth formed on the peripleral edge of a sector, V, made integral with or attached to post P. The right-hand halt' of the sector V is provided with inclined teeth, adapted by their configuration to raise the dog S without manipulating the land-levcr Q, and enabling the operator` to lift the plow through adis tance 'epresented by halt' of the sector by simply pushing the lever N forward. However, in returning it to lower the plow the dog S must be elevated. The left-hand half ot' the said sector V is provided with vertical cog-teeth,

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levcr over this section ot' the sector the dog S must be elevated out of engagement with the cog-teeth by the hand-lever Q.

As before described, the crow-bill H is attached to the sleeve O, and is adapted to partake of every motion imparted thereto by the oscillation of the lifting-lever N.

The roller Gr, attached, as aforesaid, to the guide or jaws B, and located between the cu rved arms forning the bill, will be forced to take, as the said bill is oscillated from right to left and from left to right, a prescribed path, and accordingly either elevate or depress the plowbean and attachments relative to the plow frame and wheels.

The Construction ot' the crow-bill and connecting parts is particularly adapted to raising the plow-beam with the least etfort, inasmuch as when the operation of lifting begins the roller G is very near the fulcrurn of the liftinglever, and therefore a large per cent. of the force exerted will be secnred. It is to be observed that at the time when thelifting begins, as aforesaid, the plow is in the furrow and covered in whole or in part with earth, which must be lifted with it. As the plow is lifted and the earth is unloaded the roller moves out in the curved track formed between the two arms constituting the bill, increasing the (listance from the fulcrum and gaining in speed as the weight on the plow is reduced. The upper arm of the bill, which assists in forcing the plow into the ground in starting afurrow, is made detachable at pleasure, so that in plowing stony land the plow-beam and plow can be raised when it neets an obstruction without lifting the frame and driver.

The furrow-side wheel, W, is adapted to revolve in a plane at an angle with the plane in which the land-side wheel, Y, revolves, and is further adapted to lateral and an gular adjustment, the construction and arrangement of parts being such that the iuclined wheel will travel on the bottom of the preceding furrow and bear against the vertical wall of the unplowed ground, and thus relieve the landside edges of the plow of nndue friction and wear.

Bearing Z ofthe plow-frame is provided with two independent slots, A B located in parallel horizontal planes, but diagonally opposite each other.

The axle C' of the spindle D is provided with two perforations, E' F adapted to receive bolts G' lil ,which pass through the slots A B respectively, and through a perforated plate, I', located on the rear face of the bearing Z. Nuts screwed onto those ends of the bolts which project through the perforations in the plate I' establish a firm union between the parts. A boss, a?, formed on the under face of the axle in position to be received in the lower of the diagonal slots in the bearings, aids in giving security to the adjustnent between the axle and hearing Z. By loosening the said nuts the axle and its attachments may be moved toward or from the opposite wheel a distance proportional to the length of the slots.

The slot E', which is the outer of the two slots E' F' formed in the axle C', is elongated, thereby pernit-ting the wheel by pivotal movement of the axle on the bolt H' to assume positions of different angularity with the earth. To insure permaneney of the different adjustments which the wheel may take by reason of this elongated slot the under face of the outer end of the axle is serrated and adapted to engage with a perforated serrated plate, G', interposed between the end of the axle and the bearingZ. Aboss, b formed on the under face of the said plate G', and adapted to be received in the upper slot-,looks itin position. The object of thus arranging the furrow-side wheel. to run at an angle with the gronnd is to vary the width of the furrow and to resist the tendency of the plow to deviate from the line of draft caused by the resistance ot' the furrow which it upturns and the absence of the landside, which in plows of ordinary Construction operates to overcome in great measure this deviatory tendency, as aforesaid.

The wheel Y, revolving in a vertical plane, is itself adapted to be raised and lowered with reference to the plow-frame by means of a hand-operatedlever,andalsoadapted bymeans of a spring to automatically compensate for irregularites in the surface of the earth over which it passes.

The axle-bearing is connected with the frane K', the front face of which constitutes a guide, L by a semicircular plate, M', while a curved beam, N', supporting the driver s seat O', connects the upper end of guide-bar D with the upper face of the said frame K'.

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The spindle P' ofthe land-side wheel is provided with a frame, Q', on the inner face of which is formed a guideway, R', in which the guide L' reciprocates. The spindle-frame Q' is also furnished with a rack, T', adapted to engage with a cog, U', mounted on an arbor, V', interposed between a sector, W', and the upper end of the guide L'. The said cog-wheel U is adapted to be turned to the right or left, and thereby, through its engagement with the rack T', lower or raise the spindle-frame Q' and its attached parts by means of a lifting-lever, Z', pivotally nounted on the arbor V' and interposed betweena lug, a, formed on the inner peripheral edge of the cog-wheel, and the projecting end b of a spring, A contained within a recess therein. Two lugs, B, projecting from the rear face of the said lever provide bearing for a dog, C which is normally held in engagement with the cog-teeth of the sector l by a coiled spring interposed between said lugs and encircling the dog.

A hand-lever, E pivoted to the upper end of the lifting-lever, and connected with the dog C by a wire or cord, I, enables the operator to release the en gagement between the dog and any one of the sector cog-teeth with which it may be engaged and oscillate the lifting-lever forward or backward to lower or raise the sp'indle and wheel, as may be desired.

A coiled spring, A, contained within a re- IIO ' cess in the cog-wheel U', is arranged to com- `pensate in great'measure for the inequalities in the surface of the earth over which it passes, and, 'performing the funetions of a cushion, to modify the effects of violent shocks and universal strains to which the plow may be subjected. The inner end of the said spring is rigidly secured to some point at or near the center of the wheel. In the drawings the wheel is shown as provided with a squared post, with which .the inner end of the spring is bent to conforn. The outer end of the spring is provided with a projeeting end, b, which is interposed between two lugs a. and c, forned on the inner peripheral edge of the eog-wheel, the .lifting-lever Z being, as before described, in-

terposed between the lug a and the end b ot' the spring.

The arrangement of the spring, as described,

causes it to eXert a constant tendency to force the aXle-frame to its lowest position of engagement with the cog-wheel; but any weight imposed on the plowrame will operate to coil the spring on itself and permit the cog-wheel to turn in backward notion, and thus allow a depression of the france proportional in degree to the weight imposed upon it and the torsional force of the spring. lVhen, for instauee, the

- plow is being operated the weight of the driver will operate to partially eoil the spring, and also when the land-side wheel meets obstructious the spring will be coiled still tighter, and the spindle-frane will be raised. Again, when the wheel meets depressions in the surface over which it passes the spring will nstantly uncoil, and the spindle-frame will be lowered, carrying with it the wheel. The spring thus causes the wheel to automatically eonpensatc for irregularities in the soil, and tl us prevent careening of the plow. The spring is prevented from being coiled too tightly by the lug c, before described, which inpinges against the projecting end I) of the spring, and arrests the notion of the cog-wheel.

The devices enployed to turn or elanip the wheels consist of a brace, 11 having one end secured to the guide-frane on the land 'side ot' the wheel, and the other end to the short arm 1 ot' a lever, the long arin K ot' which is.

provided with projecting lugs L in which a dog, M is journaled and held in normal engagenent with the teeth of a sector, G secured to the outer edge ot'a foot-1'est,N bolted to the tongue M by a spring, 0 iuterposed between said lugs and encircling the dog. When the lever-arm K is carried forward the wheels will he turned leftward, and when it is drawn toward the driver they will be turned to the right.

The object in adapting the wleels to be turned to the right and left by the driver without stopping the team or leaving his seat is in order that he nay keep, if desired, the wheel moving forward in a line parallel with that through which the draft is exerted. Again, to insure parallelism between all of the furrows it may be often necessary to change the and uneven land.

The three sectors V W' Gr employed in this device are each provided with lugs d at their outer edges, to limit the oseillatory notion of the several lifting-levers. The tongue M is pivotally mountedon a bracket, P seeured to the plow-bean, and is ths adapted to be raised or lowered to regulate the suction of the plow and to adapt it to horses of different heights.

The devices for looking the rear end of the said tongue in different adjnstments have already been explained. Those located forward of its pivotal point consist in a slotted tongueiron, U depending froni the front face of the` foot-rest N This tongue-iron is adapted to be vertically adjnsted to vary its engagement with the foot-rest to the eXtent of the length of its slot a and consequently to vary the rela tive positions of the plow beam and tongue. The extreme lower end of the plate is perforated at X to receive a draft-iron rod, Y the in ner end of which is inserted in a sta ple, Z depending from the under face of the plowbeam. The plow-beam is itself provided with a number of vertical perforations, e, by means of which the plow A nay be longitudinally adjusted.

The plow-standard 0 is provided with two perforated hearings, f and g, through which are passed the bolts securing the plow to the plow-bean. The hearing g aforesaid is pro vided with an elongated slot, adapting the plow to be turned to the right or left, as desired.

The wheels W and Y consist each in t-wo metallie bands, a' b', mounted upon skeins e', and having the inner ends of the wleel-spokes d' secured in their peripheries. The outer ends of the spokes ot' the two bands are Secured in alternatin g succession in rins e' of appropriate Construction.

The skeins c' consist in eylindrical metallie tubes, slightly tapering from their rear to their forward extrcnities, where they are exteriorly screw-threaded to receive in screw-thread adjustnent the interiorly screw-threaded nuts or caps f'. The rear end of the said skeins are provided with sloulders q', adapted to be received in slots in the outer faces of the rear bands, b', to lock the wheel-structures to the' skeins upon which they are Inounted.

The outeror front faces of thebands a', which are located, when in correct adjustment, near the screw-threaded end of the skeins, are provided with face ratchetteeth j, which are adapted to engage with face ratchet-teeth ir, forned on the inner face of a flange which encircles the inner end of the nutsf. hen the nuts are screwed on the forward ends of the skeins the face-teeth will inpinge against and engage with the face-teeth j, l'orued at the front face of the band a', and force the said bands toward the central portion of the skeins a slight distance, thereby tightening the adjustnent of the whole wheels. This ratchet engagenent between the outer bands and nuts serves the twofold function of allowing the IIO wheels to be tightened by easy stages, and also of retaining the cap in a fixed adjustment, subject only to be changed by the key or Wreneh which is adapted to engage with and turn it.

I would have it understood that I do not limit myself to the exact Construction shown and described, but hold myself at liberty to make such slight changes of Construction and conbinations of parts as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of ny invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, s-

1. In a sulky-plow,the combination, with an axle hearing or frame provided with two elongated slots located one above the other, of an axle and bolts extending through the axles and said elongated Slots, thereby securing the axle to its hearing or frame at an angle ot' inclination thereto, substantially as set forth.

2. In a snlky-plow, the conbination, with an axle beariug or frame provided with two elongated slots located one above the other, ot' an axle, a perfora-ted plate, and bolts extending through theaxle, clongated slots, and perforated plate, snbstautially as set fortl.

3. In a sulky-plow, the combination, with an axle hearing or frane provided with two elongated slots located one above the other, of an axle provided with an elongated slot in its inner end and bolts extending through the axle and elongated slots in the bearing or frame, the parts being constructed and arranged to allow the axle to be adjusted both laterally and vertically, substantially as set forth.

4. Ina sulky-plow, the combination, with an axle hearing or frame provided with two elongated slots located one above the other, of an axle provided with an elongated slot and serrated face at its inner end, a plate interposed between the aXle and its bearing or frame, said plate provided with a boss that fits in one ot' the elongated slots in the aXle-frame, and constructed with a serrated face that. engages the serrated face on the axle, and bolts extending through the axle and the two elongated slots, substantially as set forth.

5. In a sulky-plow, the combination, with a roller journaled ona plate attached to the plowbeam, of a toothed sector formed'ntegral with a poston the axle-frame, a sleeve iournaled between said sector and a vertically-adjustable guide-bar, and a lifting-lever and crow-billconnected to said sleeve, substantially as setforth.

(i. In a snlhy-plow, the combination, with a roller jonrnaled on a plate attached to the plowbean,of a vertically-adjnstable guide-bar, and a crow-bill consistingof two curved arms, one rigidlysecured to a sleeve and the other removabl y secnred thereto, substantially as set forth.

7. In a sulky-plow, the combination, with a vertcally-adjustable guide-bar, having a plain flat face on one edge and a rib located on its opposite edge, of a plate attached to the plowbeam, said plate provided with two vertical guides or jaws, one of said jaws having a. plain fiat face and the other provided with a groovc in which is received the rib on the guide-bar, snbstantially as set forth.

S. ln a sulky-plow, the eombination, with a platc attaohed to the plow-beam, said plate being provided with vertical jaws or guides, of a. vertically-adjustable guide-bar, having an inclined axle connected with its lowestend, and a bar supporting the driver s seat with its upper end, substantially as set forth.

9. In a sulky-plow, the combination, with a plate attached to the plow-beam, said plate being provided with two vertical jaws or guides,

and a guide-bar provided with a rib adapted to and to be moved to the right or left and raise and lower the plowbeam, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with a guideand a spindle-frame provided with a guideway and arack,

ot' a recessed (zog-wheel adapted to engage with the rack, and acoiled spring located in the recess of the aog-wheel and having its iner end fixed and its outer end engaged with a liftinglever the movenents of which control those of the cog-wheel.

11. In a sulky-plow, the combination, with a guide having a spindle connected therewith and a. guide-bar, of a cog-wheel meshing with a rack on the guide, and a spring one end of which is fixed and its outer end connected with the lifting-lever, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination, with aguide anda spindle-frame provided with aguideway and a rack, of a recessed1;og-wheel, and a coiled spring located in the recess of the wheel and having its nner end fixed and its outer end interposed between two lugs on the face ot' the wheel, sufiicient space being left between the said lugs and spring to allow it tocoil and nncoil to a limited degree independentof the motion of the liftinglever.

13. In asulky-plow, the combination, with a lever adapted to be retained in desired adjustment by engagement with a sector secured to the foot-rest, of a brace connecting said lever and the land-side-wheel hearing, and a guideplate and a bearing-plate Secured, respective! y, to the wheel-frame and the plowframe, and adapted to have pvotal movement upon each other when the lever aforesaid is oscillated.

In testimony that I clain the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 3d day ot' May, 1881.

VVILLIAM LEWIS CASADAY.

VVitnesses:

E. D. MEAGHER, U. R. STICKNEY.

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